Computer Education

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Computer Component

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OS installation

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Khazimi PC

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PC Installation

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1)Screw and Screw driver
A screwdriver is a tool for driving screws or bolts with special slots, and sometimes for rotating other machine elements with the mating drive system. The screwdriver is made up of a head or tip, which engages with a screw, a mechanism to apply torque by rotating the tip, and some way to position and support the screwdriver









2)Sponge
  • This tool is used to place the main circuit board  assembly components ( eg: Motherboard, processor, and Ram).

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1)Use rubber mat at your workstation or use a rubber shoes to avoid electrical shock.





 
2)Use a test pen if necessary to test electrical equipment after installation.

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Installing memory is quite simple. Find the SDRAM banks on your motherboard, they should look similar to the banks below. Notice the memory banks has a white clip on each side. Make sure you release the clips so it bends to each side.
Hold each corner of the SDRAM placing it on top of the bank 1. You will notice that the SDRAM has a cut at the bottom side, it is there to prevent the memoy going in the wrong way round. If you are holding the SDRAM the incorrect way you will not be able insert it. Gently push down the SDRAM and it should clip on to the memory bank. The two white clips will now become straight holding each corner of the memory. If you have more that one SDRAM perform same steps as above but placing the SDRAM in memory bank 2 and so on.

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Before PCI Express graphics card became dominant, most modern graphics cards were AGP based and connected to the AGP bus of the motherboard. An AGP bus (slot) looks like the following image. The brown slot is where you connect your AGP graphics card.
 Place your AGP card on top of the slot and gently push it down. The card should firmly sit into position.
 All you need to do now is to screw the metal plate on the front of the card to the ATX case. Use the screws supplied with case and screw the card to the case.

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Locate the processor socket on your motherboard. I am installing an Intel PIII 866 processor on a socket 370 as shown on the following image. The installation would be slightly different if you have a different processor i.e. Slot1 PIII CPU, P4 Socket 478, Core 2 Duo Socket 775, AMD Slot A / Socket A, Socket AM2 CPU etc.
Raise the brown lever on the socket and slowly put the processor in place. You have to make sure the pin 1 of your CPU goes into the pin 1 of your CPU socket otherwise the CPU would not get into the socket, so don't try to force it in. It will go in gently if you fit it correctly. Now close the brown lever which will securely hold the CPU in place.
 If you bought a retail boxed CPU it would include a heatsink + fan. If you bought an OEM CPU make sure you got a fan that is correct for the speed of your CPU, otherwise your CPU will overheat and behave abnormally or could be damaged. Take off the plastic cover from the bottom of the CPU fan that covers the heat transfer pad. Now place the CPU fan on top the CPU and push down the metal clips on the fan so that it clips onto the CPU socket.

CPU fan has a power connector which needs to be connected to CPU fan power socket on your motherboard as shown on the image above.
Finally, you have to specify what frequency (speed) your CPU is running at. This can be done using jumper settings, or on some modern motherboard it can be done in the BIOS, or your motherboard may have automatic detection for your CPU frequency. Please refer to your motherboard manual for more details. The motherboard I am using (Abit BX133) has a dip-stick jumper setting and it can be setup in the BIOS. I have left the jumper setting to default as I will use the BIOS to specify the CPU frequency. The CPU runs at the bus speed of 133Mhz therefore I will use the settings 133 * 6.5(multiplier) under the BIOS, which will the run the CPU at 866Mhz.


http://www.buildeasypc.com/hw/howto/instcpu.html
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COMPUTER

A computer is a programmable machine designed to automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations. The particular sequence of operations can be changed readily, allowing the computer to solve more than one kind of problem. An important class of computer operations on some computing platforms is the accepting of input from human operators and the output of results formatted for human consumption. The interface between the computer and the human operator is known as the user interface.

 HARDWARE

The term hardware covers all of those parts of a computer that are tangible objects. Circuits, displays, power supplies, cables, keyboards, printers and mice are all hardware.

 SOFTWARE
Software refers to parts of the computer which do not have a material form, such as programs, data, protocols, etc. When software is stored in hardware that cannot easily be modified (such as BIOS ROM in an IBM PC compatible), it is sometimes called "firmware" to indicate that it falls into an uncertain area somewhere between hardware and software.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer
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In personal computers, a motherboard is the central printed circuit board (PCB) in many modern computers and holds many of the crucial components of the system, providing connectors for other peripherals. The motherboard is sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board, planar board. Figure 1 show the the installation of Motherbord and PC video:
Figure 1

1. Unpack Case - First things first, you should prepare your computer case. Remove the cover and place it on a desk. Make sure you have enough lighting in the room. Also, don't forget all your electricity precautions before starting.

2. Unpack Motherboard - Your motherboard should be contained in a special anti-static bag. If you're ready for the next install motherboard step, then remove it carefully from the bag and place it on top of the bag so its ready to be installed. Only remove it from its protective bag when you are ready to install it straight away.
3. Install Motherboard - Now you can place your motherboard into the case, which is fairly straightforward to do. The holes on your motherboard should line up with the mounting screw holes on the case.
Make sure you've got it the right way around by checking that all the back panel connectors such as USB ports, mouse/keyboard ports, parallel ports are all facing out towards the back of the case. Now carefully screw in the motherboard using the screws that came with the case.
Never ever place the motherboard so that the back of it is touching the metal case. This can cause a short circuit and may cause damage to the board.

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